萸黄连炮制研究进展及炮制机制研究思路与方法

本研究追溯了萸黄连的炮制历史沿革及其在经典方剂中的应用;总结了萸黄连的炮制工艺研究和物质基础研究现状,较全面的论述了萸黄连炮制研究进展;阐述了萸黄连炮制机制的研究概况,并提出了萸黄连炮制机制研究的新思路、新方法.     

川楝子减毒配伍规律初探

目的：比较不同药性的中药与川楝子配伍应用后对川楝子的减毒作用。方法：小鼠分组，分别单次灌服川楝子或不同药物与川楝子配伍合煎药液，以全自动生化仪检测小鼠血清ALT、AST。结果：与川楝子组比较，白芍或小茴香能显著降低其所致的小鼠血清ALT、AST水平的升高（P〈0．05，或P〈0．01）。结论：收散配伍的川楝子-白芍与寒温配伍的川楝子-小茴香对川楝子的肝毒性减毒作用较为显著。     

峨眉山茱萸质量研究

目的对峨眉引种山茱萸与市售山茱萸药材作成分比较鉴别和指标成分马钱苷含量测定。方法薄层色谱法和高效液相色谱法。结果峨眉山茱萸与市售山茱萸薄层色谱相应位置上斑点相同,峨眉山茱萸马钱苷含量高于市售山茱萸。结论峨眉引种的山茱萸药材质量优于市售山茱萸,可扩大种植,正式收购入药。     

The Effects of Fructus Xanthii Extract on Cytokine Release from Human Mast Cell Line (HMC-1) and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

In the present study, human mast cell line (HMC-1) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) were pre-incubated with various concentrations of Fructus xanthii extract solution followed by being stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate and further incubated for 24 hours. The cytokines, in cell culture supernatants, of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF, and TNF-α in the supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results demonstrated that Fructus Xanthii could modulate the mast cell-mediated and PBMNC-mediated inflammatory and immunological reactions modulated by cytokines. And our study supplied the evidence of the mechanisms of Fructus Xanthii in treating inflammatory and allergic diseases.     

Toll‐like receptor 4‐mediated immunoregulation by the aqueous extract of Mori Fructus

The aqueous extract of Mori Fructus (MF) exerts a change of phenotype and a cytoprotective effect in macrophages. The present study was carried out to investigate the immunomodulating activity of MF on the expression of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), co‐stimulatory molecules and also interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) in macrophages and splenocytes. Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a promising molecular target for immune‐modulating drugs. It was hypothesized that one possible upstream signaling pathway leading to immunoregulation of MF may be mediated by TLRs. Multiple signaling molecules (NF‐κB, ERK1/2, p38 and JNK) of the TLR4 signaling pathway were also detected. It was found that MF increased NO production and TNF‐α secretion in RAW 264.7 and peritoneal macrophages, co‐stimulatory molecules expression in peritoneal macrophages and IFN‐γ expression in splenocytes. Further studies indicated that MF could significantly induce the phosphorylation of signal molecules of MAPKs and the degradation of IκBα which finally led to the activation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) for the target gene expression. All those notions disclosed that the aqueous extract MF is a new TLR4 activator, which induces a Th1 immune response as a consequence of induction of cytokines secretion, especially TNF‐α and IFN‐γ. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于吴茱萸汤相关功效从平滑肌角度探讨其质量控制的可行性

目的：观察吴茱萸汤对平滑肌的活性及其特点，并探讨其作为全方质量控制方法的可行性。方法：利用体外实验从组织水平对血管、胃、小肠和子宫平滑肌收缩活性进行观察。结果：吴茱萸汤对血管平滑肌具有先收缩后舒张的双向作用，降低胃平滑肌的张力，对小肠及子宫平滑肌收缩具有明显的抑制作用。作为君药的吴茱萸与吴茱萸汤结果相近。其它组成药物则没有明显的作用。结论：吴茱萸汤的这种对不同平滑肌的收缩舒张的不同作用，可以作为对该方综合评定的指标。     

连翘化学成分的研究

 目的研究木犀科植物连翘[Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.)Vahl]果实的化学成分。方法利用DiaionHP-20、Toyopearl HW-40、Sephadex LH-20等凝胶色谱方法,用波谱学方法鉴定其化合物的结构。结果从连翘果实50%丙酮提取物的水部位分离得到9个化合物。分别为异落叶松脂素(Ⅰ),异橄榄脂素(Ⅱ),异落叶松脂素-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ),异落叶松脂素-9'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅳ),calceolarioside B(Ⅴ),3,4-二羟基苯乙基-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅵ),咖啡酸甲酯(Ⅶ),对羟基苯乙酸甲酯(Ⅷ),L-鼠李糖(Ⅸ)。结论其中化合物Ⅱ～Ⅸ均为首次从本属植物中分得。     

苍耳子提取物抗鸭乙型肝炎病毒作用的实验研究

目的 研究苍耳子提取物对鸭乙型肝炎的抗病毒作用.方法 选1日龄北京雏鸭,人工感染鸭乙型肝炎病毒(DHBV)后随机分为5组:苍耳子提取物3个剂量组(1,0.1和0.01 g·kg-1·d-1),对照组采用生理盐水和拉米夫定(3TC,2 mg·kg-1·d-1),每组6只,灌胃10 d,观察不同剂量苍耳子提取物抗DHBV作用效果.结果 苍耳子提取物(1 g·kg-1·d-1)剂量组对延缓鸭肝病理改变有一定的作用,但对DHBV DNA无作用.结论 苍耳子提取物对控制鸭乙型肝炎病毒引起的病理改变有一定作用.     

戊己丸配伍对代表成分体内药代动力学和组织分布的影响

目的：研究戊己丸中5个代表成分血浆药代动力学及组织分布的情况，从戊己丸在配伍前后体内代谢和组织分布的差异变化说明方剂配伍的特点。方法：将260只健康雄性SD大鼠分为戊己丸组(62.96 g·L^-1)、黄连组(38.4 g·L^-1)、制吴茱萸组(5.88 g·L^-1)、炒白芍组(18.68 g·L^-1)，每组65只，按临床饮片剂量折算成提取物剂量给药，给药后每组按药代动力学设定时间取血浆、肝、小肠和脑。采用超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法建立戊己丸中5个代表成分小檗碱(Ber)、巴马汀(Pal)、吴茱萸碱(Evo)、吴茱萸次碱(Rut)和芍药苷(Pae)在血浆、肝、小肠和脑中定量分析方法，血浆样品采用蛋白沉淀法、组织样品采用蛋白沉淀加液-液萃取法进行前处理，对各组给药前、给药后不同时间点血浆和组织样品进行代表成分的检测。采用非房室模型计算各成分药代动力学参数，并对各组药代参数进行比较。结果：戊己丸组药代动力学结果显示，5种代表成分药-时曲线下面积(AUC_0-t)大小排序如下：...